20 KPIs, one owner per row, thresholds that ping you before the dashboard lies.
The Three-Layer KPI Hierarchy20 KPIs total · 1 owner per row
Layer 1 · North Star Metric
The One Number"Every time a customer does X, they got value from us."Not revenue (lagging), not signups (vanity). A leading indicator of value delivered.
Value
Engagement
Leads Revenue
Layer 2 · AARRR Operating Metrics · ~10 KPIs
A
Acquisition
Unique visitors/wkCAC by channel
A
Activation
Activation rateTime-to-value
R
Retention
W1/W4/W12 cohortDAU/MAU stickiness
R
Revenue
MRR / gross churnFree-to-paid conv.
R
Referral
Referral rateViral coefficient
Layer 3 · Unit Economics & Finance · ~9 KPIs
LTV : CAC3 : 1 floorTop quartile 4-6:1
CAC Payback<12 mo2025 median 20 mo
NRR110%+World-class 115-120%
Gross Margin80%SaaS floor 70%
Rule of 4040+11-30% of SaaS hit it
Reporting Cadence
ReportContainsAudienceLength
DailyNSM + 5-8 leading indicators, today vs yesterday + w-o-w heat mapFounder + leads1 screen
QuarterlyStrategy review, Rule of 40, cohort analysis, plan vs actualTeam + board10 pages
Mistakes Founders Make
Tracking 50+ metrics instead of the 8-12 that predict performance
"Team" as owner instead of one named person per KPI row
Confusing NSM with revenue -- revenue lags, NSM leads
No threshold column -- a KPI without a ping is wallpaper
Daily reports on B2B with 60-day cycles -- 90% noise
Heroic LTV from best-quarter churn -- use trailing-12-month